The 6 Most Commonly Used Architectural Patterns in Software

If you want to grow as a Backend Developer, Software Architect, or Tech Lead, understanding these patterns is mandatory. Each one solves different problems… and choosing the wrong one can destroy your project 💥😅 Today I’m sharing this visual guide so you can learn them easily 👇 1️⃣ ⚡ Event-Driven Architecture Ideal for scalable and decoupled systems. 🔹 Producers generate events 🔹 An Event Broker (Kafka, RabbitMQ) distributes them 🔹 Consumers process them in parallel Perfect for: e-commerce, notifications, payments, microservices. 2️⃣ 🏛️ Layered Architecture (N-Tier) The classic architecture used everywhere. Separation by layers: Presentation Business Data Access Persistence Perfect for: enterprise applications, ERPs, CRMs. 3️⃣ 🏢 Monolithic Architecture The entire application deployed as one single unit. ✔️ Easy to start ✔️ Less complexity ❌ Difficult to scale specific components ❌ Large and risky deployments Perfect for: MVPs, small apps, prototypes.
4️⃣ 🧩 Microservices Architecture Each functionality is an independent service. 📦 Catalog 🛒 Shopping Cart 🏷️ Discount 📦 Ordering All behind an API Gateway. ✔️ High scalability ✔️ Independent deployments ❌ High complexity ❌ Requires mature DevOps Perfect for: large, scalable, distributed systems. 5️⃣ 🖼️ MVC (Model–View–Controller) Clear separation between: 👁️ View 🧠 Controller 💾 Model Used in frameworks like Spring MVC, Rails, Django. Perfect for: traditional web applications. 6️⃣ 🗄️ Master–Slave Architecture One primary server for writes and multiple replicas for reads. ✔️ High availability ✔️ Scalable read operations ❌ Risk if the master goes down Perfect for: large databases and high-demand systems.

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