Web API over WCF REST
Web API Controller vs MVC Controller ApiControllers are specialized in returning data. For example, they take care of transparently serializing the data into the format requested by the client. Also, they follow a different routing scheme by default (as in: mapping URLs to actions), providing a REST-ful API by convention. You could probably do anything using a Controller instead of an ApiController with the some(?) manual coding. In the end, both controllers build upon the ASP.NET foundation. But having a REST-ful API is such a common requirement today that WebAPI was created to simplify the implementation of a such an API. It's fairly simple to decide between the two: if you're writing an HTML based web/internet/intranet application - maybe with the occasional AJAX call returning json here and there - stick with MVC/Controller. If you want to provide a data driven/REST-ful interface to a system, go with WebAPI. You can combine both, of course, having an ...